Blurring the borders between clear-cut military actions and close-to- military actions has become the modus operandi of revisionism in the so called “near abroad.” These apparently innocuous non-military actions are in fact an integral element of the Kremlin’s “hybrid” policies that in turn, may evolve into full-scale military operations. Therefore, disentangling and exposing such nefarious Russian hybrid-military operations signifies a high priority in post-Soviet countries and beyond.

Another approach used by the Kremlin to influence the political structures and centers of decision-making in the countries of interest focuses on the informational and psychological dimensions. Such stealth like strategies are deceptive in nature and used to penetrate the targeted societies with the intent of forcing these communities to question the compatibility of western values with their own national identities and way of life. The goal is to create a sense of insecurity and vulnerability and creates a space in which Russia can offer an alternative against western influences.

This panel will summarize the conclusions and findings discussed in the previous panels. Participants are invited to formulate and share the most effective methods to respond and minimize Russian malignant influence.